List of historical harbour cranes

The list of historical harbour cranes includes historical harbour cranes from the Middle Ages to the introduction of metal cranes in the Industrial Revolution during the 19th century. Modern reconstructions are also listed.

Name	Location	Country	River	Comment	Material	Image
Żuraw (Krantor)	Gdańsk (Danzig)	Poland	Motława (Mottlau)	1367, modification 1442–1444; oldest crane in the formerly German-speaking area	Stone and wood
Stadskraan (Utrecht)	Utrecht	Netherlands	Oudegracht	1402, treadwheeled city crane mainly used for wine barrels, several times upgraded, rebuilt on another location after it collapsed in 1837.	Wood/stone
Alter Krahnen	Trier	Germany	Mosel	1413, in service until 1910, two booms, one to attach a counterweight	Stone
Rheinkran	Bingen	Germany	Rhine	1487, renovated in 1819, in service until 1890; after comprehensive renovation back in service (tourist demonstrations) since 2008	Wood
Alter Krahnen	Andernach	Germany	Rhine	1554–1561, in service until 1911	Stone
Oestricher Kran	Oestrich-Winkel	Germany	Rhine	1744–1745, in service until 1926	Wood
Mastekran (Mastekranen)	Copenhagen	Denmark	Holmen, harbour	1748-1751 by Philip de Lange; for mounting masts to large sailing vessels	Stone and wood
Alter Kranen	Würzburg	Germany	Main	1767–1773 by Franz Neumann, two booms, each with chain and hook	Stone
Zollkran	Trier	Germany	Mosel	1774, in service until 1900, two booms, one to attach a counterweight	Stone
Alter Kranen	Marktbreit	Germany	Main	ca. 1750 (wood); rebuilt (stone) after the 1784 ice flood, in service til 1900	Stone	Image
Alter Krahn Alter Salzkran	Lüneburg	Germany	Ilmenau	1379; reconstructed in 1797 after ice flood, in service until 1860	Wood
Harbour crane	Rostock	Germany	Lower Warnow	first crane in the 16th century; reconstruction from an 18th-century crane	Wood
Alter Salzkran	Stade	Germany	Schwinge	1661, in 1898 demolished, in 1977 reconstructed on the model of the Alter Krahn in Lüneburg	Wood
Alter Saarkran	Saarbrücken	Germany	Saar	1762 by F.-J. Stengel, 1784 renovated; ruined state after 1865; reconstructed in 1989	Wood
Havenkraan, Hanzekraan	Brugge	Belgium	Kraanplein (CraenePlaetse)	1288, rebuilt in 1434, in service til 1767; modern small-scale reconstruction of the medieval crane at Brugge harbour depicted, two treadwheels;	Wood

References

• Dienel, Hans-Liudger; Meighörner, Wolfgang (1997), "Der Tretradkran", Publication of the Deutsches Museum (Technikgeschichte series) (2nd ed.), München
• Matheus, Michael (1996), "Mittelalterliche Hafenkräne", in Lindgren, Uta, Europäische Technik im Mittelalter. 800 bis 1400. Tradition und Innovation (4th ed.), Berlin: Gebr. Mann Verlag, pp. 345–348, ISBN 3-7861-1748-9
• Matthies, Andrea (1992), "Medieval Treadwheels. Artists' Views of Building Construction", Technology and Culture, 33 (3): 510–547, doi:10.2307/3106635

See also

• Treadwheel crane