Lubert Stryer

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Lubert Stryer
Lubert Stryer Portrait 2008.jpg
Born (1938-03-02) March 2, 1938 (age 80)
Tianjin, China
CitizenshipUnited States
Alma materUniversity of Chicago (B.S.)
Harvard Medical School (M.D.)
AwardsEuropean Inventor of the Year (2006)

Lubert Stryer (born March 2, 1938, in Tianjin, China) is the Mrs. George A. Winzer Professor of Cell Biology, Emeritus, at the Stanford University School of Medicine.[1][2] His research over more than four decades has been centered on the interplay of light and life. In 2007 he received the National Medal of Science from President Bush at a ceremony at the White House for elucidating the biochemical basis of signal amplification in vision, pioneering the development of high density microarrays for genetic analysis, and authoring the standard undergraduate biochemistry textbook, Biochemistry.[3] It is now in its eighth edition and also edited by Jeremy Berg, John L. Tymoczko and Gregory J. Gatto, Jr.[4]

Stryer received his B.S. degree from the University of Chicago in 1957 and his M.D. degree from Harvard Medical School. He was a Helen Hay Whitney Research Fellow[5] in the Department of Physics at Harvard and then at the MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology[6] in Cambridge, England, before joining the faculty of the Department of Biochemistry at Stanford in 1963. In 1969 he moved to Yale to become Professor of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, and in 1976, he returned to Stanford to head a new Department of Structural Biology.[2][7]

Research profile[edit]

Stryer and coworkers pioneered the use of fluorescence spectroscopy, particularly Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET), to monitor the structure and dynamics of biological macromolecules.[8][9] In 1967, Stryer and Haugland showed that the efficiency of energy transfer depends on the inverse sixth power of the distance between the donor and acceptor,[10][11] as predicted by Förster's theory. They proposed that energy transfer can serve as a spectroscopic ruler to reveal proximity relationships in biological macromolecules.

A second contribution was Stryer's discovery of the primary stage of amplification in visual excitation.[12][13] Stryer, together with Fung and Hurley, showed that a single photoexcited rhodopsin molecule activates many molecules of transducin, which in turn activate many molecules of a cyclic GMP phosphodiesterase. Stryer's laboratory has also contributed to our understanding of the role of calcium in visual recovery and adaptation.[14][15][16]

Stryer participated in developing light-directed, spatially addressable parallel chemical synthesis for the synthesis of peptides and polynucleotides.[17][18][19] Light-directed combinatorial synthesis has been used by Stephen Fodor and coworkers at Affymetrix to make DNA arrays containing millions of different sequences for genetic analyses.

Starting in 1975, Stryer authored eight editions of a textbook entitled Biochemistry.[20]

Stryer also chaired a National Research Council committee that produced a report entitled Bio2010: Transforming Undergraduate Education for Future Research Biologists.[21][22]

Honors[edit]

Famous students[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ "Lubert Stryer".
  2. ^ a b c "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2012-07-20. Retrieved 2012-03-10.CS1 maint: Archived copy as title (link)
  3. ^ "President to Award 2005-2006 National Medals of Science and National Medals of Technology Honoring Nation's Leading Researchers, Inventors and Innovators - NSF - National Science Foundation".
  4. ^ Stryer; et al. (2015). Biochemistry (8 ed.). Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-1464126109.
  5. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2012-11-14. Retrieved 2012-04-01.CS1 maint: Archived copy as title (link)
  6. ^ "Alumni - MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology". MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology.
  7. ^ McCarthy, Pumtiwitt. "Everything is illuminated: 'Reflections' on light and life by Lubert Stryer". American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. Retrieved 19 June 2016.
  8. ^ Stryer, L (1968). "Fluorescence spectroscopy of proteins". Science. 1632: 526–533.
  9. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2011-06-14. Retrieved 2010-10-18.CS1 maint: Archived copy as title (link)
  10. ^ Stryer, L.; Haugland, R.P. (1967). "Energy transfer: a spectroscopic ruler". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 58 (2): 719–725. doi:10.1073/pnas.58.2.719. PMC 335693. PMID 5233469.
  11. ^ Lakowicz, J.R., 2006. Principles of Fluorescence Spectroscopy (Springer, 3rd ed., p. 449)
  12. ^ Fung, B.; Hurley, J.B.; Stryer, L. (1981). "Flow of information in the light-triggered cyclic nucleotide cascade of vision". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 78 (1): 152–156. doi:10.1073/pnas.78.1.152. PMC 319009. PMID 6264430.
  13. ^ "Chemical & Engineering News - Serving the chemical, life sciences and laboratory worlds".
  14. ^ Koch, K.-W.; Stryer, L. (1988). "Highly cooperative feedback control of retinal rod guanylate cyclase by calcium ion". Nature. 334 (6177): 64–66. doi:10.1038/334064a0. PMID 2455233.
  15. ^ <Ames, J.B., Ishima, R., Tanaka, T., Gordon, J.I., Stryer, L., Ikura, M., 1997. Molecular mechanics of calcium-myristoyl switches. Nature 389:198-202
  16. ^ Burgoyne, R.D.; Weiss, J.L. (2001). "The neuronal calcium sensor family of Ca2+-binding proteins". Biochem. J. 353 (Pt 1): 1–12. doi:10.1042/bj3530001. PMC 1221537. PMID 11115393.
  17. ^ Fodor, S.P.A.; Read, J.L.; Pirrung, M.C.; Stryer, L.; Lu, A.T.; Solas, D. (1991). "Light-directed, spatially addressable parallel chemical synthesis". Science. 251 (4995): 767–773. doi:10.1126/science.1990438. PMID 1990438.
  18. ^ Fodor, S.P.A., Pirrung, M.C., Read, J.L., and Stryer, L., Array of oligonucleotides on a solid substrate. U.S. Patent No. 5,445,934. Issued August 29, 1995
  19. ^ "2007 Newcomb Cleveland Prize Recipients". AAAS - The World's Largest General Scientific Society.
  20. ^ Latchman,D.S. (1995) Trends Biochem. Sci. 20:488.
  21. ^ Council, National Research; Studies, Division on Earth Life; Sciences, Board on Life; Century, Committee on Undergraduate Biology Education to Prepare Research Scientists for the 21st (2003). BIO2010: Transforming Undergraduate Education for Future Research Biologists - The National Academies Press. doi:10.17226/10497. ISBN 978-0-309-08535-9. PMID 20669482.
  22. ^ Kennedy, D (2003). "Points of View: Is Bio2010 the Right Blueprint for the Biology of the Future?". Cell Biol Educ. 2 (4): 224–7. doi:10.1187/cbe.03-10-0039. PMC 256982. PMID 14673487.
  23. ^ "Recipients - ACS Division of Biological Chemistry Website".
  24. ^ "American Academy of Arts & Sciences".
  25. ^ "National Academy of Sciences".
  26. ^ http://archives.aaas.org/people.php?p_id=423
  27. ^ 1992 http://convocation.uchicago.edu/page/1990
  28. ^ http://www.roche-applied-science.com/PROD_INF/BIOCHEMI/.../p29.pdf[permanent dead link]
  29. ^ https://www.nationalmedals.org/laureates/lubert-stryer
  30. ^ European Patent Office. "EPO - Stephen P.A. Fodor, Michael C. Pirrung, J. Leighton Read and Lubert Stryer (Affymax Research Institute, Palo Alto, USA)".
  31. ^ "Faculty & Research".
  32. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2009-04-11. Retrieved 2012-04-01.CS1 maint: Archived copy as title (link)
  33. ^ "Tobias Meyer - Mrs. George A. Winzer Professor in Cell Biology and Professor of Chemical & Systems Biology | Welcome to Bio-X".
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