Open Library
Open Library homepage in September 2011 | |
Type of site | Digital library index |
---|---|
Available in | English |
Revenue | donation |
Website | openlibrary |
Alexa rank | 16,427 (April 2014[update])[1] |
Commercial | no |
Registration | free |
Launched | 2006 |
Current status | Active |
Content license | data: public domain[2] source code: AGPLv3[3] |
Open Library is an online project intended to create "one web page for every book ever published". Created by Aaron Swartz[4][5], Brewster Kahle,[6] Alexis Rossi[7], Anand Chitipothu[7], and Rebecca Malamud[7], Open Library is a project of the non-profit Internet Archive and has been funded in part by a grant from the California State Library and the Kahle/Austin Foundation.
It provides access to many public domain and out-of-print books, which can be read online.
Contents
Book database and digital lending library[edit]
Its book information is collected from the Library of Congress, other libraries, and Amazon.com, as well as from user contributions through a Wiki-like interface.[5] If books are available in digital form, a button labelled "Read" appears next to its catalog listing. Links to where books can be purchased or borrowed are also provided.
There are different entities in the database:
- authors
- works (which are the aggregate of all books with the same title and text)
- editions (which are different publications of the corresponding works)
Open Library claims to have 6 million authors and 20 million books (not works), and about one million public domain books available as digitized books.[8] Tens of thousands of modern books were made available from four[9] and then 150 libraries and publishers[10] for ebook digital lending.
Technical[edit]
Open Library began in 2006 with Aaron Swartz as the original engineer and leader of Open the Library's technical team.[4][5] The project was led by George Oates from April 2009 to December 2011.[11] Oates was responsible for a complete site redesign during her tenure.[12] In 2015, the project was continued by Giovanni Damiola and then Brenton Cheng and Mek Karpeles in 2016.
The site was redesigned and relaunched in May 2010. Its codebase is on GitHub.[13] The site uses Infobase, its own database framework based on PostgreSQL, and Infogami, its own Wiki engine written in Python.[14] The source code to the site is published under the GNU Affero General Public License.[15][3]
Books for the blind and dyslexic[edit]
The website was relaunched adding ADA compliance and offering over 1 million modern and older books to the print disabled in May 2010[16] using the DAISY Digital Talking Book.[17] Under certain provisions of United States copyright law, libraries are sometimes able to reproduce copyrighted works in formats accessible to users with disabilities.[18][19]
Copyright Violation[edit]
As of February 2019, the Open Library has been accused of mass copyright violation, via the systematic distribution of in-print, in-copyright books, by the American Authors Guild[20], the British Society of Authors[21], the Australian Society of Authors[22] and the Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America[23]. The UK Society of Authors threatened legal action unless the Open Library agreed to cease distribution of copyrighted works by 1-Feb-2019 [24]. Individual authors reported that Open Library had ignored multiple DCMA takedown notices until after they made a fuss on the Internet Archive blog[25]
See also[edit]
- Google Books
- LibraryThing
- List of digital library projects
- Online Computer Library Center – creator of WorldCat
- Online Public Access Catalog
- Free Software licensing
- List of AGPL web applications
References[edit]
- ^ "Openlibrary.org Site Info". Alexa Internet. Archived from the original on 2015-02-16. Retrieved 2014-04-01.
- ^ Who owns the Open Library catalog? Openlibrary.org
- ^ a b "openlibrary/LICENSE at master · internetarchive/openlibrary · GitHub". Github.com. Archived from the original on 2017-01-22. Retrieved 2015-06-26.
- ^ a b "A library bigger than any building". BBC News. 2007-07-31. Archived from the original on 2009-11-27. Retrieved 2010-07-06.
- ^ a b c Grossman, Wendy M (2009-01-22). "Why you can't find a library book in your search engine". The Guardian. London. Archived from the original on 2014-01-14. Retrieved 2010-07-06.
- ^ "Aaron Swartz: howtoget". Aaronsw.jottit.com. Archived from the original on 2015-05-23. Retrieved 2015-06-05.
- ^ a b c OpenLibrary.org. "The Open Library Team | Open Library". openlibrary.org. Retrieved 2018-07-16.
- ^ "About Us". Openlibrary.org. Archived from the original on 2015-06-27. Retrieved 2015-06-26.
- ^ Fowler, Geoffrey A. (2010-06-29). "Libraries Have a Novel Idea - WSJ". Online.wsj.com. Archived from the original on 2016-10-28. Retrieved 2015-06-26.
- ^ "Internet Archive Forums: In-Library eBook Lending Program Launched". Archive.org. 2011-02-22. Retrieved 2015-06-26.
- ^ "George". Openlibrary.org. Retrieved 2015-06-26.
- ^ Oates, George (2010-03-17). "Announcing the Open Library redesign « The Open Library Blog". Blog.openlibrary.org. Archived from the original on 2015-06-27. Retrieved 2015-06-26.
- ^ "internetarchive/openlibrary · GitHub". Github.com. Archived from the original on 2015-08-10. Retrieved 2015-06-26.
- ^ "About the Technology". Openlibrary.org. Archived from the original on 2015-06-27. Retrieved 2015-06-26.
- ^ "Developers / Licensing". Openlibrary.org. Archived from the original on 2015-06-27. Retrieved 2015-06-26.
- ^ "Project puts 1M books online for blind, dyslexic | UTSanDiego.com". Signonsandiego.com. 2010-05-05. Archived from the original on 2011-12-17. Retrieved 2015-06-26.
- ^ "Welcome to Daisy Books for the Print Disabled". Internet Archive. Retrieved 10 December 2012.
- ^ "NLS Factsheets: Copyright Law Amendment, 1996: PL 104-197". Library of Congress NLS Factsheets. Library of Congress. Archived from the original on 2017-05-21.
- ^ Scheid, Maria. "Copyright and Accessibility". Copyright Corner. The Ohio State University Libraries. Archived from the original on 2016-06-30.
- ^ https://form.jotformeu.com/90131857822356
- ^ https://form.jotformeu.com/90131857822356
- ^ https://www.asauthors.org/news/open-library-copyright-infringement
- ^ https://www.sfwa.org/2018/01/infringement-alert/
- ^ https://www.theguardian.com/books/2019/jan/22/internet-archives-ebook-loans-face-uk-copyright-challenge
- ^ http://www.victoriastrauss.com/2018/02/22/how-the-internet-archive-infringed-my-copyrights-and-then-kind-of-blew-me-off/
Further reading[edit]
- Meadows, Chris. "The Internet Archive's OpenLibrary project violates copyright, the Authors Guild warns". TeleRead.
External links[edit]
- Official website
- The Open Library public domain audiobook at LibriVox (Text of the speech given by Brewster Kahle, founder of the Internet Archive, at the launch of the Open Library in October 2005)