Niklaus Wirth

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Niklaus Wirth
Niklaus Wirth, UrGU.jpg
Born
Niklaus Emil Wirth

(1934-02-15) 15 February 1934 (age 84)
Winterthur, Switzerland
CitizenshipSwitzerland
Alma mater
Known forAlgol W, Euler, Pascal, Modula, Modula-2, Oberon, Oberon-2, Oberon-07, Oberon System
Awards
Scientific career
FieldsComputer Science
Institutions
Thesis[1963 A Generalization of Algol]
Doctoral advisorHarry Huskey
Doctoral studentsMichael Franz, Martin Odersky

Niklaus Emil Wirth (born 15 February 1934) is a Swiss computer scientist. He has designed several programming languages, including Pascal, and pioneered several classic topics in software engineering. In 1984 he won the Turing Award, generally recognized as the highest distinction in computer science,[2][3] for developing a sequence of innovative computer languages.[4]

Biography[edit]

Wirth was born in Winterthur, Switzerland, in 1934. In 1959 he earned a degree in Electronics Engineering from the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zürich (ETH Zürich). In 1960 he earned an M.Sc. from Université Laval, Canada. Then in 1963 he was awarded a Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS) from the University of California, Berkeley, supervised by the computer designer pioneer Harry Huskey.

From 1963 to 1967 he served as assistant professor of Computer Science at Stanford University and again at the University of Zurich. Then in 1968 he became Professor of Informatics at ETH Zürich, taking two one-year sabbaticals at Xerox PARC in California (1976–1977 and 1984–1985). Wirth retired in 1999.

In 2004, he was made a Fellow of the Computer History Museum "for seminal work in programming languages and algorithms, including Euler, Algol-W, Pascal, Modula, and Oberon."[5]

Programming languages[edit]

Niklaus Wirth, 1969, sitting on a spaghetti chair

Wirth was the chief designer of the programming languages Euler, Algol W, Pascal,[6] Modula, Modula-2, Oberon, Oberon-2, and Oberon-07. He was also a major part of the design and implementation team for the Lilith and Oberon operating systems, and for the Lola digital hardware design and simulation system. He received the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) Turing Award for the development of these languages in 1984 and in 1994 he was inducted as a Fellow of the ACM.

Publications[edit]

His book, written jointly with Kathleen Jensen, The Pascal User Manual and Report, served as the basis of many language implementation efforts in the 1970s and 1980s in the United States and across Europe.[citation needed]

His article Program Development by Stepwise Refinement, about the teaching of programming, is considered to be a classic text in software engineering.[7] In 1975 he wrote the book Algorithms + Data Structures = Programs, which gained wide recognition.[8] Major revisions of this book with the new title Algorithms + Data Structures were published in 1985 and 2004. The examples in the first edition were written in Pascal. These were replaced in the later editions with examples written in Modula-2 and Oberon respectively.

His textbook, Systematic Programming: An Introduction, was considered a good source for students who wanted to do more than just coding.[citation needed][clarification needed] Regarded[by whom?] as a challenging text to work through, it was sought as imperative reading for those interested in numerical mathematics.[9]

Signature of Niklaus Wirth

In 1992 he published (together with Jürg Gutknecht) the full documentation of the Oberon OS.[10]. A second book (together with Martin Reiser) was intended as a programmer's guide.[11]

Wirth's law[edit]

Main article: Wirth's law

In 1995, he popularized the adage now known as Wirth's law, which states that software is getting slower more rapidly than hardware becomes faster. In his 1995 paper A Plea for Lean Software he attributes it to Martin Reiser.[12]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Niklaus Wirth 2004 Fellow
  2. ^ Dasgupta, Sanjoy; Papadimitriou, Christos; Vazirani, Umesh (2008). Algorithms. McGraw-Hill. ISBN 978-0-07-352340-8., p. 317.
  3. ^ Bibliography of Turing Award lectures, DBLP
  4. ^ http://amturing.acm.org/award_winners/wirth_1025774.cfm
  5. ^ CHM. "Niklaus Wirth — CHM Fellow Award Winner". Retrieved December 2, 2017.
  6. ^ Petzold, Charles (1996-09-09). "Programming Languages: Survivors and Wannabes". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2018-03-08.
  7. ^ Wirth N. (2001) Program Development by Stepwise Refinement. In: Broy M., Denert E. (eds) Pioneers and Their Contributions to Software Engineering. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
  8. ^ Citations collected by the ACM
  9. ^ Abrahams, Paul (July 1974). "Systematic Programming: An Introduction by Niklaus Wirth". Mathematics of Computation. American Mathematical Society. 28 (127): 881–883. JSTOR 2005728.
  10. ^ N. Wirth and J. Gutknecht: Project Oberon - The Design of an Operating System and Compiler Addison-Wesley/ACM Press (1992) ISBN 0-201-54428-8. Out of print. Online version of a second edition.
  11. ^ M. Reiser and N. Wirth: Programming in Oberon Addison-Wesley/ACM Press (1992) ISBN 0-201-56543-9. Out of print.
  12. ^ Niklaus Wirth (February 1995). "A Plea for Lean Software". Computer. 28 (2): 64–68. doi:10.1109/2.348001. Retrieved 2007-01-13.

External links[edit]

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