hCard
hCard is a microformat for publishing the contact details (which might be no more than the name) of people, companies, organizations, and places, in (X)HTML, Atom, RSS, or arbitrary XML.[1] The hCard microformat does this using a 1:1 representation of vCard (RFC 2426) properties and values, identified using HTML classes and rel attributes.
It allows parsing tools (for example other websites, or Firefox's Operator extension) to extract the details, and display them, using some other websites or mapping tools, index or search them, or to load them into an address-book program.
In May 2009, Google announced that they would be parsing the hCard, hReview and hProduct microformats, and using them to populate search-result pages.[2] In September 2010 Google announced their intention to surface hCard, hReview information in their local search results.[3] In February 2011, Facebook began using hCard to mark up event venues.[4]
Contents
Example[edit]
Consider the HTML:
<ul>
<li>Joe Doe</li>
<li>Jo</li>
<li>The Example Company</li>
<li>604-555-1234</li>
<li><a href="http://example.com/">http://example.com/</a></li>
</ul>
With microformat markup, that becomes:
<link rel="profile" href="http://microformats.org/profile/hcard">
...
</head>
...
<ul class="vcard">
<li class="fn">Joe Doe</li>
<li class="nickname">Jo</li>
<li class="org">The Example Company</li>
<li class="tel">604-555-1234</li>
<li><a class="url" href="http://example.com/">http://example.com/</a></li>
</ul>
Here the properties fn,[5] org (organization), tel (telephone number) and url (web address) have been identified using specific class names; and the whole thing is wrapped in class="vcard" which indicates that the other classes form an hcard, and are not just coincidentally named. If the hCard is for an organization or venue, the fn and org classes are used on the same element, as in <span class="fn org">Wikipedia</span> or <span class="fn org">Wembley Stadium</span>. Other, optional, hCard classes also exist.
It is now possible for software, for example browser plug-ins, to extract the information, and transfer it to other applications, such as an address book.
Geo and adr[edit]
The Geo microformat is a part of the hCard specification, and is often used to include the coordinates of a location within an hCard.
The adr part of hCard can also be used as a stand-alone microformat.
Live example[edit]
[needs update] Here are the Wikimedia Foundation's contact details as of September 2017, as a live hCard:
Wikimedia Foundation Inc.149 New Montgomery Street, 3rd FloorSan Francisco, CA 94105USAPhone: +1-415-839-6885Email: info@wikimedia.orgFax: +1-415-882-0495
The mark-up (wrapped for clarity) used is:
<div class="vcard">
<div class="fn org">Wikimedia Foundation Inc.</div>
<div class="adr">
<div class="street-address">149 New Montgomery Street, 3rd Floor</div>
<div> <span class="locality">San Francisco</span>, <abbr class="region" title="California">CA</abbr> <span class="postal-code">94105</span></div>
<div class="country-name">USA</div>
</div>
<div>Phone: <span class="tel">+1-415-839-6885</span></div>
<div>Email: <span class="email">info@wikimedia.org</span></div>
<div class="tel">
<span class="type">Fax</span>:
<span class="value">+1-415-882-0495</span>
</div>
</div>
Note that, in this example, the fn and org properties are combined on one element, indicating that this is the hCard for an organization, not a person.
Other attributes[edit]
Other commonly used hCard attributes include
bday- a person's birth dateemailhonorific-prefixhonorific-suffixlabel- for non-granular addresseslogonicknamenote- free textphotopost-office-box
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ Sikos, Leslie (2011). Web Standards: Mastering HTML5, CSS3, and XML. Apress. ISBN 978-1430240419. Retrieved 2013-05-10.
- ^ Goel, Kavi; Guha, Ramanathan V.; Hansson, Othar (2009-05-12). "Introducing Rich Snippets". Google Webmaster Central Blog. Google. Retrieved 2009-05-25.
- ^ Blumenthal, Mike (2010-09-22). "Google Announces Full Support for Microformats in Local". Understanding Google Maps. Retrieved 2010-09-30.
- ^ Protalinski, Emil (2011-02-18). "Facebook adds hCalendar and hCard microformats to Events". ZDNet. Retrieved 24 March 2011.
- ^ no friendly name defined in the specification http://microformats.org/wiki/hcard#Property_List, but one might think of it as "formal name", "formatted name", or "family name"
- Allsopp, John (2007). Microformats: Empowering Your Markup for Web 2.0. Berkeley: Friendsof. p. 125. ISBN 1-59059-814-8.
