Calvin Quate
 | This biography of a living person needs additional citations for verification. (February 2013) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) |
Calvin Forrest Quate | |
|---|---|
| Born | December 7, 1923 |
| Residence | United States |
| Nationality | American |
| Alma mater | University of Utah (B.S.) (1944) Stanford University (Ph.D) (1950) |
| Awards | IEEE Medal of Honor (1988) National Medal of Science (1992) Kavli Prize (2016) |
| Scientific career | |
| Fields | Electrical engineering |
| Institutions | PARC Sandia National Labs |
Calvin Forrest Quate HonFRMS was born on 7 December 1923 in Baker, Nevada. He is one of the inventors of the atomic force microscope. He is a professor emeritus of Applied Physics and Electrical Engineering at Stanford University.
Education[edit]
He earned his bachelor's degree in electrical engineering from the University of Utah College of Engineering in 1944, and his Ph.D. from Stanford University in 1950.[1]
Career and research[edit]
Quate is known for his work on acoustic and atomic force microscopy. The scanning acoustic microscope, invented with a colleague in 1973, has resolution exceeding optical microscopes, revealing structure in opaque or even transparent materials not visible to optics.
In 1981, Quate read about a new type of microscope able to examine electrically conductive materials. Together with Gerd Binnig and Christoph Gerber, he developed a related instrument that would work on non-conductive materials, including biological tissue, and the Atomic Force Microscope was born.[2] AFM traces surface contours using a needle to maintain constant pressure against the surface to reveal atomic detail.[3] AFM is the foundation of the $100 million nanotechnology industry. Binnig, Quate and Gerber were rewarded with the Kavli-Prize in 2016 for developing the Atomic Force Microscope.
Quate is a member of the National Academy of Engineering and National Academy of Sciences. He was awarded the 1980 IEEE Morris N. Liebmann Memorial Award and the IEEE Medal of Honor in 1988 for "the invention and development of the scanning acoustic microscope."[4] Quate became a senior research fellow at the Palo Alto Research Center (PARC) in 1984.[4] In 2000, he became a recipient of the Joseph F. Keithley Award For Advances in Measurement Science. He is a fellow of the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters.[5]
References[edit]
- ^ "Calvin Quate". Kavli Prize. Retrieved 17 September 2017.
- ^ Binnig, G.K.; Quate, C.F.; Gerber, C. (1986). "Atomic Force Microscope". Phys. Rev. Lett. 56 (9): 930–933. doi:10.1103/physrevlett.56.930. PMID 10033323.
- ^ Giessibl, Franz J.; Quate, Calvin F. (2006). "Exploring the nanoworld with atomic force microscopy". Physics Today. 59: 44–50. doi:10.1063/1.2435681.
- ^ a b "Calvin F. Quate, 1923 -". IEEE. 1988. Archived from the original on 2008-03-28. Retrieved 2009-03-26.
- ^ "Group 2: Astronomy, Physics and Geophysics". Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters. Archived from the original on 22 December 2017. Retrieved 22 December 2017.
External links[edit]
Authority control  |
|
|---|
  | This article about an American scientist in academia is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |
- 1923 births
- Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences
- Living people
- American inventors
- American electrical engineers
- Foreign Members of the Royal Society
- IEEE Medal of Honor recipients
- Fellow Members of the IEEE
- National Medal of Science laureates
- University of Utah alumni
- Stanford University School of Engineering faculty
- Members of the United States National Academy of Engineering
- Fellows of the Royal Microscopical Society
- Scientists at PARC
- Members of the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters
- American academic scientist stubs
