Chiquitano language

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Chiquitano
Besïro
Native toSanta Cruz, Bolivia
Ethnicity47,100 Chiquitano people (2004)[1]
Native speakers
5,900 in Bolivia (2004)[1]
Language codes
ISO 639-3cax
Glottologchiq1248  Chiquitano[2]
sans1265  Sansimoniano[3]
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Chiquitano (also Bésiro or Tarapecosi) is an indigenous language isolate of eastern Bolivia, spoken in the central region of the Santa Cruz province.

Classification[edit]

Chiquitano is a language isolate. Greenberg linked it to the Macro-Jê languages in his discredited proposal, which was never substantiated.

According to traditional sources, dialects were tao (yúnkarirsh), piñoco, penoqui, kusikia, manasi, san simoniano, churapa.

Phonology[edit]

Consonants[edit]

Bilabial Dental Alveolar Palatal Velar Glottal
Plosive plain p t t͡ʃ k ʔ
dentalized
Fricative plain s ʃ
voiced β r
Nasal m n ɲ ŋ
Approximant w j

Vowels[edit]

Front Central Back
Close i ɨ u
Close-mid e o
Open a

[4]

Nasal assimilation[edit]

Chiquitano has regressive assimilation triggered by nasal nuclei / ɨ̃ ĩ ũ õ ã ẽ/ and targeting consonant onsets within a morpheme.

  • /suβũ/[suˈmũ] 'parrot (sp.)' [5]

Syllable structure[edit]

The language has CV, CVV, and CVC syllables. It does not allow complex onsets or codas. The only codas allowed are nasal consonants.

External links[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b Chiquitano at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
  2. ^ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Chiquitano". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
  3. ^ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Sansimoniano". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
  4. ^ Krusi, Dorothee, Martin (1978). Phonology of Chiquitano.
  5. ^ Sans, Pierric (2011). "Proceedings of the VII Encontro Macro-Jê.Brasilia, Brazil".
  • Fabre, Alain (2008-07-21). "Chiquitano" (PDF). Diccionario etnolingüístico y guía bibliográfica de los pueblos indígenas sudamericanos. Retrieved 2009-01-16.