Chiquitano language
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
| Chiquitano | |
|---|---|
| Besïro | |
| Native to | Santa Cruz, Bolivia |
| Ethnicity | 47,100 Chiquitano people (2004)[1] |
Native speakers | 5,900 in Bolivia (2004)[1] |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | cax |
| Glottolog | chiq1248 Chiquitano[2]sans1265 Sansimoniano[3] |
Chiquitano (also Bésiro or Tarapecosi) is an indigenous language isolate of eastern Bolivia, spoken in the central region of the Santa Cruz province.
Contents
Classification[edit]
Chiquitano is a language isolate. Greenberg linked it to the Macro-Jê languages in his discredited proposal, which was never substantiated.
According to traditional sources, dialects were tao (yúnkarirsh), piñoco, penoqui, kusikia, manasi, san simoniano, churapa.
Phonology[edit]
Consonants[edit]
| Bilabial | Dental | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plosive | plain | p | t | t͡ʃ | k | ʔ | |
| dentalized | t̪ | ||||||
| Fricative | plain | s | ʃ | ||||
| voiced | β | r | |||||
| Nasal | m | n | ɲ | ŋ | |||
| Approximant | w | j | |||||
Vowels[edit]
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i | ɨ | u |
| Close-mid | e | o | |
| Open | a |
Nasal assimilation[edit]
Chiquitano has regressive assimilation triggered by nasal nuclei / ɨ̃ ĩ ũ õ ã ẽ/ and targeting consonant onsets within a morpheme.
- /suβũ/ → [suˈmũ] 'parrot (sp.)' [5]
Syllable structure[edit]
The language has CV, CVV, and CVC syllables. It does not allow complex onsets or codas. The only codas allowed are nasal consonants.
External links[edit]
- Lenguas de Bolivia (online edition)
References[edit]
- ^ a b Chiquitano at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ^ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Chiquitano". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
- ^ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Sansimoniano". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
- ^ Krusi, Dorothee, Martin (1978). Phonology of Chiquitano.
- ^ Sans, Pierric (2011). "Proceedings of the VII Encontro Macro-Jê.Brasilia, Brazil".
- Fabre, Alain (2008-07-21). "Chiquitano" (PDF). Diccionario etnolingüístico y guía bibliográfica de los pueblos indígenas sudamericanos. Retrieved 2009-01-16.
| National language | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indigenous languages |
| ||||||||||
| Sign languages | |||||||||||
Italics indicate extinct languages still recognized by the Bolivian constitution. | |||||||||||
| This indigenous languages of the Americas–related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |
