Voiced alveolo-palatal fricative

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Voiced alveolo-palatal fricative
ʑ
IPA number183
Encoding
Entity (decimal)ʑ
Unicode (hex)U+0291
X-SAMPAz\
Braille⠦ (braille pattern dots-236)⠵ (braille pattern dots-1356)
Listen

The voiced alveolo-palatal sibilant fricative is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ⟨ʑ⟩ ("z", plus the curl also found in its voiceless counterpart ⟨ɕ⟩), and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is z\. It is the sibilant equivalent of the voiced palatal fricative.

The voiced alveolo-palatal sibilant fricative does not occur in any major dialect of English. However, it is the usual realization of /ʒ/ (as in vision) in the Ghanaian variety.[1]

Features[edit]

alveolo-palatal sibilant fricatives [ɕ, ʑ]

Features of the voiced alveolo-palatal fricative:

Occurrence[edit]

Language Word IPA Meaning Notes
Abkhaz ажьа [aˈʑa] 'hare' See Abkhaz phonology
Adyghe жьау [ʑaːw] 'shadow'
Catalan Eastern[2] ajut [əˈʑut̪] 'help' (n.) See Catalan phonology
Majorcan[2]
Chinese Jiangshan dialect of Wu [ʑyœʔ] 'ten'
Southern Min Taiwanese Hokkien 今仔日/kin-á-ji̍t [kɪn˧a˥ʑɪt˥] 'today'
English Ghanaian[1] vision [ˈviʑin] 'vision' Educated speakers may use [ʒ], to which this phone corresponds in other dialects.[1]
Japanese 火事/kaji [kaʑi] 'fire' Found in free variation with [d͡ʑ] between vowels. See Japanese phonology
Kabardian жьэ [ʑa] 'mouth'
Korean 경주/gyeongju [kjʌ̹ŋd͡ʑu] 'race'
Lower Sorbian[3] źasety [ʑäs̪ɛt̪ɨ][stress?] 'tenth'
Luxembourgish[4] héijen [ˈhɜ̝ɪ̯ʑən] 'high' Allophone of /ʁ/ after phonologically front vowels; some speakers merge it with [ʒ]. Occurs only in a few words.[4] See Luxembourgish phonology
Pashto Wazirwola dialect ميږ [miʑ] 'we'
Polish[5] źrebię About this sound[ˈʑrɛbjɛ]  'foal' Also denoted by the digraph ⟨zi⟩. See Polish phonology
Portuguese[6][7][8] magia [maˈʑi.ɐ] 'magic' Also described as palato-alveolar [ʒ].[9][10] See Portuguese phonology
Romanian Transylvanian dialects[11] gea [ˈʑanə] 'eyelash' Realized as [d͡ʒ] in standard Romanian. See Romanian phonology
Russian Conservative Moscow Standard[12] езжу [ˈjeʑːʊ] 'I drive' Somewhat obsolete; most speakers realize it as hard [ʐː].[12] Present only in a few words, usually written ⟨жж⟩ or ⟨зж⟩. See Russian phonology
Sema[13] aji [à̠ʑì] 'blood' Possible allophone of /ʒ/ before /i, e/; can be realized as [d͡ʑ ~ ʒ ~ d͡ʒ] instead.[13]
Serbo-Croatian Croatian[14] пуж ħе / puž će [pûːʑ t͡ɕe̞] 'the snail will' Allophone of /ʒ/ before /t͡ɕ, d͡ʑ/.[14] See Serbo-Croatian phonology
Uzbek[15] [example needed]
Xumi Upper[16] [Hʑɜ][clarification needed] 'beer, wine'
Yi /yi [ʑi˧] 'tobacco'

See also[edit]

Notes[edit]

References[edit]

  • Chirkova, Katia; Chen, Yiya; Kocjančič Antolík, Tanja (2013), "Xumi, Part 2: Upper Xumi, the Variety of the Upper Reaches of the Shuiluo River" (PDF), Journal of the International Phonetic Association, 43 (3): 381–396, doi:10.1017/S0025100313000169[permanent dead link]
  • Cruz-Ferreira, Madalena (1995), "European Portuguese", Journal of the International Phonetic Association, 25 (2): 90–94, doi:10.1017/S0025100300005223
  • Gilles, Peter; Trouvain, Jürgen (2013), "Luxembourgish" (PDF), Journal of the International Phonetic Association, 43 (1): 67–74, doi:10.1017/S0025100312000278
  • Guimarães, Daniela (2004), Seqüências de (Sibilante + Africada Alveopalatal) no Português Falado em Belo Horizonte (PDF), Belo Horizonte: Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-04-07, retrieved 2014-04-04
  • Huber, Magnus (2004), "Ghanaian English: phonology", in Schneider, Edgar W.; Burridge, Kate; Kortmann, Bernd; Mesthrie, Rajend; Upton, Clive, A handbook of varieties of English, 1: Phonology, Mouton de Gruyter, pp. 842–865, ISBN 3-11-017532-0
  • Jassem, Wiktor (2003), "Polish", Journal of the International Phonetic Association, 33 (1): 103–107, doi:10.1017/S0025100303001191
  • Landau, Ernestina; Lončarić, Mijo; Horga, Damir; Škarić, Ivo (1999), "Croatian", Handbook of the International Phonetic Association: A guide to the use of the International Phonetic Alphabet, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 66–69, ISBN 0-521-65236-7
  • Mateus, Maria Helena; d'Andrade, Ernesto (2000), The Phonology of Portuguese, Oxford University Press, ISBN 0-19-823581-X
  • Medina, Flávio (2010), Análise Acústica de Sequências de Fricativas Seguidas de [i] Produzidas por Japoneses Aprendizes de Português Brasileiro (PDF), Anais do IX Encontro do CELSUL Palhoça, SC, Palhoça: Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-09-23, retrieved 2014-12-06
  • Pop, Sever (1938), Micul Atlas Linguistic Român, Muzeul Limbii Române Cluj
  • Recasens, Daniel; Espinosa, Aina (2007), "An electropalatographic and acoustic study of affricates and fricatives in two Catalan dialects" (PDF), Journal of the International Phonetic Association, 37 (2): 143–172, doi:10.1017/S0025100306002829
  • Silva, Thaïs Cristófaro (2003), Fonética e Fonologia do Português: Roteiro de Estudos e Guia de Exercícios (7th ed.), São Paulo: Contexto, ISBN 85-7244-102-6
  • Sjoberg, Andrée F. (1963), Uzbek Structural Grammar, Uralic and Altaic Series, 18, Bloomington: Indiana University
  • Teo, Amos B. (2014), A phonological and phonetic description of Sumi, a Tibeto-Burman language of Nagaland (PDF), Canberra: Asia-Pacific Linguistics, ISBN 978-1-922185-10-5
  • Yanushevskaya, Irena; Bunčić, Daniel (2015), "Russian", Journal of the International Phonetic Association, 45 (2): 221–228, doi:10.1017/S0025100314000395
  • Zygis, Marzena (2003), "Phonetic and Phonological Aspects of Slavic Sibilant Fricatives" (PDF), ZAS Papers in Linguistics, 3: 175–213